Day: August 23, 2012

On the International Business Machines Industrial Average

On the International Business Machines Industrial Average

Company

Price

YTD Return

Dow Weight

Ratio to Equal Weight

Ticker

Mkt Cap ($B)

Weight MC

Ratio to Dow Weight

AA?Alcoa Inc

?8.63

-0.23%

0.51%

?0.15

AA

?9.21

0.23%

2.20

AXP?American Express Co

56.42

19.61%

3.35%

?1.00

AXP

63.96

1.62%

2.07

BA?Boeing Co

70.36

-4.08%

4.17%

?1.25

BA

52.90

1.34%

3.12

BAC?Bank of America Corp

?8.15

46.58%

0.48%

?0.14

BAC

87.83

2.22%

0.22

CAT?Caterpillar Inc

87.63

-3.28%

5.20%

?1.56

CAT

57.25

1.45%

3.59

CSCO?Cisco Systems Inc

19.12

5.78%

1.13%

?0.34

CSCO

?101.97

2.58%

0.44

CVX?Chevron Corp

?111.29

4.60%

6.60%

?1.98

CVX

?218.37

5.52%

1.20

DD?E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co

50.24

9.74%

2.98%

?0.89

DD

46.74

1.18%

2.52

DIS?Walt Disney Co

49.17

31.12%

2.92%

?0.87

DIS

88.22

2.23%

1.31

GE?General Electric Co

20.64

15.24%

1.22%

?0.37

GE

?217.93

5.51%

0.22

HD?Home Depot Inc

56.55

34.51%

3.35%

?1.01

HD

84.88

2.14%

1.56

HPQ?Hewlett-Packard Co

17.64

-31.54%

1.05%

?0.31

HPQ

34.77

0.88%

1.19

IBM?International Business Machines Co…

?195.70

6.43%

11.61%

?3.48

IBM

?223.64

5.65%

2.05

INTC?Intel Corp

25.04

3.26%

1.48%

?0.45

INTC

?125.28

3.17%

0.47

JNJ?Johnson & Johnson

67.74

3.29%

4.02%

?1.21

JNJ

?186.76

4.72%

0.85

JPM?JPMorgan Chase and Co

37.23

11.97%

2.21%

?0.66

JPM

?141.43

3.57%

0.62

KFT?Kraft Foods Inc

41.28

10.48%

2.45%

?0.73

KFT

73.25

1.85%

1.32

KO?The Coca-Cola Co

38.11

8.93%

2.26%

?0.68

KO

?171.57

4.34%

0.52

MCD?McDonald’s Corp

88.25

-12.04%

5.23%

?1.57

MCD

88.99

2.25%

2.33

MMM?3M Co

91.98

12.54%

5.45%

?1.64

MMM

63.59

1.61%

3.39

MRK?Merck & Co Inc

42.80

13.53%

2.54%

?0.76

MRK

?130.35

3.29%

0.77

MSFT?Microsoft Corp

30.26

16.54%

1.79%

?0.54

MSFT

?253.64

6.41%

0.28

PFE?Pfizer Inc

23.74

9.70%

1.41%

?0.42

PFE

?177.33

4.48%

0.31

PG?Procter & Gamble Co

66.68

-0.04%

3.95%

?1.19

PG

?183.65

4.64%

0.85

T?AT&T Inc

36.56

20.90%

2.17%

?0.65

T

?210.91

5.33%

0.41

TRV?Travelers Companies Inc

64.80

9.51%

3.84%

?1.15

TRV

24.97

0.63%

6.09

UTX?United Technologies Corp

79.20

8.36%

4.70%

?1.41

UTX

72.21

1.82%

2.57

VZ?Verizon Communications Inc

42.25

5.31%

2.51%

?0.75

VZ

?120.37

3.04%

0.82

WMT?Wal-Mart Stores Inc

71.56

19.75%

4.24%

?1.27

WMT

?242.16

6.12%

0.69

XOM?Exxon Mobil Corp

87.31

3.01%

5.18%

?1.55

XOM

?403.02

10.18%

0.51

Total

?1,686.33

?3,957.15

High

47%

?3.48

10.18%

6.09

Low

-32%

?0.14

0.23%

0.22

Ratio

24.01

43.76

?27.97

As I was considering the Dow Jones Industrial Average, I considered how much influence IBM has relative to an equal-weighted index.? It has 3.48 times more influence that the average.? Then I considered the lack of influence of Bank of America [BAC], whose influence is 86% less than the average.? It may be up 47% YTD, but it budges the index but little despite its large market cap.

Such is life in a price weighted index that was designed to work around 1900. Add up the prices, divide by a number, and there is the index.

Even an equal weighted index would be more realistic.? But what if we created a market cap (actually float) weighted DJIA, like the S&P 500?

At this point, Exxon Mobil would be the heavy hitter, and small Alcoa the baby.? Prediction: Alcoa and The Travelers will leave the Dow, to be replaced by Oracle and Berkshire Hathaway “B” shares.

Wait! Oracle?! Why not Apple or Google?? Their share prices are too high, and the DJIA is too messed up already.? If Bank of America wanted to help the Dow, they would do a 1-10 reverse split, as should Alcoa, should they stay in the Dow.

The DJIA is a historical accident that has more then outlived its 15 minutes of fame.? It does not represent the market as a whole.? The best that Dow Jones News Corp could do is remake it as a megacap market cap weighted index.? Then it might have real punch and validity.? Call it the News Corp Industrial Average [NCIA].? What might that index look like?

company ticker

mktcap

Percentage

Apple Inc. AAPL

607,542

11.02%

Exxon Mobil Corporation XOM

408,049

7.40%

Microsoft Corporation MSFT

259,047

4.70%

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. WMT

243,581

4.42%

International Business Machine IBM

229,949

4.17%

General Electric Company GE

221,736

4.02%

Google Inc GOOG

221,447

4.02%

Chevron Corporation CVX

221,055

4.01%

AT&T Inc. T

214,434

3.89%

Berkshire Hathaway Inc. BRK.A

212,869

3.86%

Johnson & Johnson JNJ

186,927

3.39%

Procter & Gamble Company, The PG

184,536

3.35%

Wells Fargo & Company WFC

179,753

3.26%

Coca-Cola Company, The KO

177,961

3.23%

Pfizer Inc. PFE

177,699

3.22%

Philip Morris International In PM

157,413

2.86%

Oracle Corporation ORCL

157,217

2.85%

JPMorgan Chase & Co. JPM

140,478

2.55%

Merck & Co., Inc. MRK

131,998

2.39%

Intel Corporation INTC

131,729

2.39%

Verizon Communications Inc. VZ

125,522

2.28%

PepsiCo, Inc. PEP

114,215

2.07%

Amazon.com, Inc. AMZN

109,025

1.98%

QUALCOMM, Inc. QCOM

107,805

1.96%

Visa Inc V

104,389

1.89%

Abbott Laboratories ABT

103,451

1.88%

Cisco Systems, Inc. CSCO

102,102

1.85%

Schlumberger Limited. SLB

99,235

1.80%

Walt Disney Company, The DIS

90,539

1.64%

Comcast Corporation CMCSA

90,482

1.64%

Grand Total

5,512,183

 

What are the new companies? Comcast, Schlumberger,? Abbott Labs, Visa, QUALCOMM, Amazon, Pepsico, Oracle, Philip Morris, Wells Fargo, Berkshire Hathaway, Google, and Apple.

Who leaves? Alcoa, Travelers, United Technologies, 3M, McDonalds, Kraft Foods, Hewlett-Packard, Home Depot, Du Pont, Caterpillar, Bank of America, Boeing and American Express.

Now, that said, give the folks at News Corp Dow Jones some credit.? They created a flawed Behemoth index, but it is the only widely quoted Behemoth index, and my adjustment of it only improves the market capitalization by ~40%.? That said, capitalization-weighting makes it a much more rational index, and so I call upon Dow Jones News Corp to make the changes that the sentimental at Dow Jones never would, and turn the DJIA into the NCI.? Not an average, but a real Behemoth index that measures the performance of the largest companies of the US, which comprise ~30% of the total market capitalization.

There is the challenge, and taking it on will benefit investors for the next 100 years.? Are you man enough to take it on, News Corp?

Full disclosure: Long CSCO, CVX, HPQ, INTC, TRV, WMT, ORCL

On the Specialness of Long Treasuries

On the Specialness of Long Treasuries

When Gary Schilling presented to the Baltimore CFA Society, he made the comment about how much bonds beat stocks by.? His proxy for bonds was 25-year zero coupon bonds.? Invest in those from 1980 to the present, rolling to the new 25-year regularly, and yeah you can beat stocks handily when interest rates fall and continue to fall.

Think of what a 25-year zero coupon Treasury means.? The price measures how much you are willing to discount inflation and nonexistence of the US government 25 years from now.? When interest rates fall 3% for a 25-year zero, the value of the bond more than doubles.? Falling almost 12% in yield since the peak, that multiplies the value of the bond more than 16 times, far more than the equity market over a similar period, including dividends.

But wait.? How many people would have the stomach to make such a trade even if they were mostly convinced that rates would fall so much?? Few, I think.? The more volatile the investment, the fewer the people who follow through. People lose confidence during extended slumps.? Schilling and Hoisington may have had the courage to do it, but few others did.

The same applies to a 100% equities portfolio.? Few can stomach that level of volatility.

But when one compares bonds to stocks, be careful what you allow to be the bond proxy.? Personally, I would choose the Lehman Barclays’ Aggregate — it’s a good proxy for the investment grade bond market, and there is nothing special about it — it has all risks, and an average level of interest rate sensitivity.? It has done well over the last 30 years, but has not beaten stocks.? Over the last ten years, yes, it has beaten stocks.? But that is normal.? Stocks have bad decades, every three decades or so.? In those decades, bonds often do better.

If one uses 30-year Treasuries, rolling them over the last 30 years, you end up with an incredible result. Not quite as good as 25-year zeroes, but still good enough to beat the S&P 500 with dividends.

What I am arguing is that choosing the narrow area of the bond market that did best over the last 30 years — highest quality noncallable long debt, is not a fair comparison against the stock market as a whole.? We should use the investment grade bond market as a whole, and that means the Barclays’ Aggregate [AGG].

Let me put it this way, if someone can pick the best performing index of bonds to compare against stocks, what is to keep the stock manager from picking the best sub-index of stocks to be the policy comparison?? Hindsight is 20/20, so let’s limit the comparison to broad indexes.

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